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The Yellow-eyed Penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) is one of the rarest and shyest penguin species in the world, found exclusively in New Zealand. With its distinctive yellow eyes and the bright yellow stripe adorning its head, it stands out from other penguin species. Known to the Māori as “Hoiho,” meaning “Loud Shout,” this unique bird is often referred to as the jewel of New Zealand’s wildlife.
Yellow-eyed Penguins prefer remote and dense coastal forests as well as rocky coves on New Zealand’s South Island, Stewart Island, and the subantarctic islands. Notable breeding sites include the Otago Peninsula and the Catlins. Unlike many other penguins, Yellow-eyed Penguins avoid large colonies. Instead, they prefer to build their nests far apart, often in dense vegetation to protect their chicks from predators.
During our visit to New Zealand, we were fortunate to observe these fascinating birds along the coast. Their shy nature makes such encounters especially precious. At dawn, we watched as they returned from the sea after a night of foraging. In the water, they are excellent swimmers and hunters, primarily feeding on small fish and squid.
Unfortunately, the Yellow-eyed Penguin is critically endangered. Populations are declining due to habitat loss, introduced predators like dogs and cats, and diseases. Climate change also affects their food chain and the stability of their habitats. New Zealand is committed to protecting these penguins through initiatives such as restoring breeding habitats and controlling invasive species.
Encountering the Yellow-eyed Penguin is an unforgettable experience, reminding us of the fragility of wildlife and the importance of conservation. These extraordinary penguins are a living symbol of New Zealand’s rich and unique biodiversity.
